Identification > Measurements > Measuring system

The contents of the responses to the questions posed in the topic of "Measurements" is the essence of the notion of measuring system. The strict mathematical definition of this concept is given in our paper [25]. In the general engineering sense the measuring system is a set of methods for measuring physiological variables, for which there is consistency in the model structure.

Implementation of measurements corresponding to a working version of the model structure is shown in the attached tables. To implement the measurement systems used for practical purposes, will continue to apply the designation of the type (M₁,...,M_n), where M_i is the code in accordance with these tables.

Continuous measurements (Paradigm C)

Measurements code Measured value Preferred method of measurement C1 Arterial systemic pressure Direct manometry. Invasive pressure sensor in the aorta or other major arteries of systemic circulation C2 Arterial pulmonary pressure Direct manometry. Invasive pressure sensor in the pulmonary artery C3 Venous systemic pressure Direct manometry. Invasive pressure sensor in a large vein systemic circulation C4 Venous pulmonary pressure Direct manometry. Invasive pressure sensor in the pulmonary vein C5 Left ventricular pressure Direct manometry. Invasive pressure sensor in the left ventricle C6 Right ventricular pressure Direct manometry. Invasive pressure sensor in the right ventricle C7 Blood flow through the aortic valve Measurement of blood flow. Sensor of blood flow in the ascending arc of the aorta C8 Blood flow through the mitral valve Measurement of blood flow. Sensor of blood flow in the pulmonary vein C9 Blood flow through the pulmonary artery valve Measurement of blood flow. Sensor of blood flow in the pulmonary artery C10 Blood flow through the tricuspid valve Measurement of blood flow. Sensor of blood flow to the systemic vein C11 Left ventricular volume Indirectly, as (78) C12 Right ventricular volume Indirectly, as (79)

Discrete measurements (Paradigm D)

Measurements code Measured value Preferred method of measurement D1 End-diastolic volume of left ventricle Volume measurement D2 End-systolic volume of left ventricle Volume measurement D3 End-diastolic volume of right ventricle Volume measurement D4 End-systolic volume of right ventricle Volume measurement D5 Duration of systole Poly-cardiography D6 Duration of diastole Poly-cardiography

Integrated measurements (Paradigm I)

Measurements code Measured value Preferred method of measurement I1 Duration of the cardiac cycle Measurement of heart rate I2 Systolic blood pressure Indirect methods of measurement of arterial pressure I3 Diastolic blood pressure Indirect methods of measurement of arterial pressure I4 Mean systemic arterial pressure Indirect methods of measurement of arterial pressure I5 Mean pulmonary arterial pressure Indirectly, as (81) I6 Mean systemic venous pressure Indirect methods of measurement of venous pressure I7 Mean pulmonary venous pressure Indirectly, as (82) I8 Ventricular stroke volume Volume measurement I9 Saturation of arterial blood Arterial oxymetry I10 Saturation of venous blood Venous oxymetry I11 Concentration of hemoglobin in the blood Laboratory analysis of blood I12 Rate of oxygen utilization (physical activity) Ergo-spirometry I13 Body mass - I14 Systemic total peripheral resistance Indirectly, as (83) I15 Pulmonary total peripheral resistanc Indirectly, as (84)